tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-78464069182771865512024-03-14T03:57:52.510-04:00American People I & IIAmerican History and Culture from Colonization to the Present Day.A. Mattsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02245371044449114621noreply@blogger.comBlogger130125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-6316927032786032312013-05-19T23:52:00.002-04:002013-05-19T23:52:29.532-04:00“Joseph R. McCarthy on the Attack,” (1950) During the 50's America faced a tough time. It was time when the country was faced with rooting out communism. "In West Virginia in February 1950, McCarthy stated that he had a list of 205 communists working for the State Department... the demagogic pursuit of communists riding roughshod over civil liberties came to be known as McCarthyism." Senator McCarthy begins this witch hunt for Communist because he believed the country was under attack from its citizens. However he did so with great biased:<br /><br />"It has not been the less fortunate or members of the minority groups who have been selling this Nation out, but rather those who have had all the benefits that the wealthiest nation on earth has had to offer --- the finest homes, the finest college education and the finest jobs in government we can give."<br /><br />McCarthy seems convinced that the communists/spies are not motivated by promise of wealth. In his mind because they already have wealth, they act out of opportunity or boredom. Perhaps it is this reason that he is so vehemently accusing people in the state department with little evidence. To accuse them and have them found guilty would prevent the country from being sent down the wrong road.Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/18220010671601242192noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-35630811972430526172013-05-16T23:54:00.002-04:002013-05-16T23:54:39.080-04:00Sharon Statement (1960)According to Voices of Freedom, the 1960s was known as a decade of radicalism, but also had a conservative side. Students emerged as a force in politics and issued the Sharon Statement. "In this time of moral and political crisis, it is the responsibility of the youth of America to affirm certain eternal truths."Through this dignified statement, the Young Americans for Freedom (YAF), and the Port Huron Statement of Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) were established. These two documents "portrayed youth as the cutting edge of a new radicalism and claimed to offer Americans a route to greater freedom." The Sharon Statement also discussed things such as the free market being underpinned "personal freedom," political freedom rested on a free market economy, government must be strictly limited, and "international communism."<br />
<br />
<br />Tianna Mariehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07980797770713647436noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-38332245682291815052013-05-16T23:54:00.001-04:002013-05-16T23:54:26.609-04:00
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:DocumentProperties>
<o:Revision>0</o:Revision>
<o:TotalTime>0</o:TotalTime>
<o:Pages>1</o:Pages>
<o:Words>148</o:Words>
<o:Characters>846</o:Characters>
<o:Company>SUNY College at Old Westbury</o:Company>
<o:Lines>7</o:Lines>
<o:Paragraphs>1</o:Paragraphs>
<o:CharactersWithSpaces>993</o:CharactersWithSpaces>
<o:Version>14.0</o:Version>
</o:DocumentProperties>
<o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
<o:AllowPNG/>
</o:OfficeDocumentSettings>
</xml><![endif]-->
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:TrackMoves/>
<w:TrackFormatting/>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:DoNotPromoteQF/>
<w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther>
<w:LidThemeAsian>JA</w:LidThemeAsian>
<w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
<w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/>
<w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/>
<w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/>
<w:OverrideTableStyleHps/>
<w:UseFELayout/>
</w:Compatibility>
<m:mathPr>
<m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/>
<m:brkBin m:val="before"/>
<m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/>
<m:smallFrac m:val="off"/>
<m:dispDef/>
<m:lMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:rMargin m:val="0"/>
<m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/>
<m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/>
<m:intLim m:val="subSup"/>
<m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/>
</m:mathPr></w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="true"
DefSemiHidden="true" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99"
LatentStyleCount="276">
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="toc 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" QFormat="true" Name="caption"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="59" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" SemiHidden="false"
UnhideWhenUsed="false" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]-->
<!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-font-family:Cambria;
mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;
mso-hansi-font-family:Cambria;
mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<!--StartFragment-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
There are many
political and culture conflicts of the 1960’s and 1970’s. Many were demanding
equal rights and changes in American life other than African Americans. The
1960s was known as the decade of radicalism. Student radicals emerged while
fighting for equal rights in segregated restaurants. The Greensborough sit-in
launched in the 1960’s proved that students have become the social edge of
change. The Sharon Statement was a striking document that summarized beliefs
that had circulated among conservatives during the past decade—the free market
underpinned “personal freedom, “ political freedom rested on a free market
economy, government must be strictly limited, and “international communism,”
the gravest threat to liberty, must be destroyed (Foner 270). Organizations
such as the Young Americans for Freedom aimed initially to take control of the
Republican Party from leaders who had made their peace with the New Deal and
seemed willing to coexist with communism (Foner 968). <o:p></o:p></div>
<!--EndFragment-->Tianna Mariehttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07980797770713647436noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-85180317651047260632013-05-11T13:51:00.003-04:002013-05-11T13:51:41.683-04:00Mike Gralla "Cheerful Robots" <!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:ApplyBreakingRules/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:UseFELayout/>
</w:Compatibility>
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
</w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:ApplyBreakingRules/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:UseFELayout/>
</w:Compatibility>
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
</w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<div class="MsoNormal">
Mike Gralla</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
American People II</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Professor Mattson</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“ ‘Cheerful Robots’ [and what C. Wright Mills really felt
about society]”</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Many of C. Wright Mills' ideas, which were considered
radical in his time, are now taken for granted in the present. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>A term coined by Mills, "power elite"
defined as “a small group of people who control a disproportionate amount of
wealth.” ended up in Mills being ostracized by conservatives and liberals. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But that was in the past and ironically the
term is widely used today by the mainstream media.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the article by C. Wright Mills titled “Cheerful
Robots,” Americans during the 1950s were “Cheerful Robots.”<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the following excerpt from the article you
can start to understand the perspective ob Mills.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i>“Americans during the 1950s were stuck on the idea of
perfection. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They wanted to live the
perfect life. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Americans lived in
cookie-cutter houses, had nuclear families, and were happy all the time. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>At least that's what they longed for. There
were few differences from one family to another on the surface. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Most Americans worked hard to maintain their
happy, perfect images. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>They were all the
same.”</i> (C. Wright Mills, “Cheerful Robots”)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
This view of American society by mills is not too
far-fetched.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If you really examine what
he is describing he is actually pretty astute.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Whether you refer to the elite as the "establishment," the "power
structure" or the "top 1-percenters," the American people
understand that this concentration of power undermines democracy.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> The lines between Democracy and financial-tyranny in this country has seemed to grow slimmer</span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> which also has given credit to Mills points.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i>“The husband worked while the wife stayed home and did
domestic work. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The house they lived in was in a neighborhood
along with other houses that looked the same. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Inside the house were all kinds of appliances
and material things to make them "happy." <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Outside of the house were nice cars sitting in
the driveway when they husband returned home from a hard day of work. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>If there was any unhappiness or imperfection,
Americans did not let it show.”</i> (C. Wright Mills, “Cheerful Robots”)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Hiding what is really going on, not “showing true colors,”
or living a life of double-sided secrecy all seemed to relate to 1950’s
American society as a whole.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Look at
Happy Days.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sure it is just a TV show,
but it was based on the model of American society at the time.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>And it is not much different today, possibly
even worse.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Houses full of electronics
and smart phones, gigantic TVs and cutting-edge technology simply used for playing
the best video games.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>It is true that Mills
was often seen as a "Marxist thinker" because of the emphasis he put on
social classes and their roles in historical progress, and attempting to keep a
somewhat Marxist social theory alive. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But C. Wright Mills rebelled against conventional
thinking and sought his own theories and beliefs, many of which have proven
valid, and not so radical, as time passed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
MGrallahttp://www.blogger.com/profile/09759475110275250041noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-77954708174989769942013-05-08T11:49:00.002-04:002013-05-08T11:49:31.560-04:00BLOG Redstocking Manifesto
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">Michelle Abalos<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="color: black;">American People II<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="color: black;">Redstockings Manifesto <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="color: black;"><o:p> </o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="color: black;">“Redstockings was one of the radical feminist
movements that arose in the late 1960’s. Based in New York, it issued this
manifesto, which, in language typical of the era, illustrates how at its most
radical edge, feminism had evolved from demands for equal treatment for women
to a total critique of male power and a call for women’s “liberation.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="color: black;">“Women are an oppressed class. Our oppression is
total, affecting every facet of our lives. We are exploited as sex objects,
breeders, domestic servants, and cheap labor. We are considered inferior
beings, whose only purpose is to enhance men's lives. Our humanity is denied.
Our prescribed behavior is enforced by the threat of physical violence.”</span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="color: black;">Among the political and cultural conflicts of
the 1960’s, women united to win their freedom and to no longer be “exploited as
sex objects, breeders, domestic servants, and cheap labor.” Women wanted to be
liberated. Liberation meant more than the right the vote. It meant equality in
economic, racial, education, and political rights. Other than the African
American population, the Redstockings was an organization demanding equal
rights and changes in American life for women. </span><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="color: black;">“ ‘there seem to be many parallels that can be
drawn between the treatment of negroes and the treatment of women in our
society as a whole.’ What bothered them the most was the status of women within
the movement, where assumptions of male supremacy seemed as deeply rooted as in
society at large.” What one can conclude from this quote is that the status of
women in both the negro and white culture, was the same. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=awCRaGkowjY"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><span style="color: blue;">http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=awCRaGkowjY</span></span></a><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div align="center" class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">REDSTOCKINGS MANIFESTO </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">I After centuries of
individual and preliminary political struggle, women are uniting to achieve
their final liberation from male supremacy. Redstockings is dedicated to
building this unity and winning our freedom. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">II Women are an
oppressed class. Our oppression is total, affecting every facet of our lives.
We are exploited as sex objects, breeders, domestic servants, and cheap labor.
We are considered inferior beings, whose only purpose is to enhance men's
lives. Our humanity is denied. Our prescribed behavior is enforced by the
threat of physical violence. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">Because we have lived
so intimately with our oppressors, in isolation from each other, we have been
kept from seeing our personal suffering as a political condition. This creates
the illusion that a woman's relationship with her man is a matter of interplay
between two unique personalities, and can be worked out individually. In
reality, every such relationship is a <u>class</u> relationship, and the
conflicts between individual men and women are <u>political</u> conflicts that
can only be solved collectively. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">III We identify the
agents of our oppression as men. Male supremacy is the oldest, most basic form
of domination. All other forms of exploitation and oppression (racism,
capitalism, imperialism, etc.) are extensions of male supremacy: men dominate
women, a few men dominate the rest. All power structures throughout history
have been male-dominated and male-oriented. Men have controlled all political,
economic and cultural institutions and backed up this control with physical
force. They have used their power to keep women in an inferior position. <u>All
men</u> receive economic, sexual, and psychological benefits from male
supremacy. <u>All men</u> have oppressed women. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">IV Attempts have been
made to shift the burden of responsibility from men to institutions or to women
themselves. We condemn these arguments as evasions. Institutions alone do not
oppress; they are merely tools of the oppressor. To blame institutions implies
that men and women are equally victimized, obscures the fact that men benefit
from the subordination of women, and gives men the excuse that they are forced
to be oppressors. On the contrary, any man is free to renounce his superior
position, provided that he is willing to be treated like a woman by other men. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">We also reject the idea
that women consent to or are to blame for their own oppression. Women's
submission is not the result of brain-washing, stupidity or mental illness but
of continual, daily pressure from men. We do not need to change ourselves, but
to change men. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">The most slanderous
evasion of all is that women can oppress men. The basis for this illusion is
the isolation of individual relationships from their political context and the
tendency of men to see any legitimate challenge to their privileges as
persecution. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">V We regard our
personal experience, and our feelings about that experience, as the basis for
an analysis of our common situation. We cannot rely on existing ideologies as
they are all products of male supremacist culture. We question every
generalization and accept none that are not confirmed by our experience. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">Our chief task at
present is to develop female class consciousness through sharing experience and
publicly exposing the sexist foundation of all our institutions.
Consciousness-raising is not "therapy," which implies the existence
of individual solutions and falsely assumes that the male-female relationship
is purely personal, but the only method by which we can ensure that our program
for liberation is based on the concrete realities of our lives. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">The first requirement
for raising class consciousness is honesty, in private and in public, with
ourselves and other women. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">VI We identify with all
women. We define our best interest as that of the poorest, most brutally
exploited woman. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">We repudiate all
economic, racial, educational or status privileges that divide us from other
women. We are determined to recognize and eliminate any prejudices we may hold
against other women. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">We are committed to
achieving internal democracy. We will do whatever is necessary to ensure that
every woman in our movement has an equal chance to participate, assume
responsibility, and develop her political potential. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">VII We call on all our
sisters to unite with us in struggle. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">We call on all men to
give up their male privilege and support women's liberation in the interest of
our humanity and their own. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">In fighting for our
liberation we will always take the side of women against their oppressors. We
will not ask what is "revolutionary" or "reformist," only
what is good for women. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">The time for individual
skirmishes has passed. This time we are going all the way. </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div align="right" class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in; text-align: right;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">July 7, 1969 </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div align="right" class="style2" style="margin: 1em 0in; text-align: right;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: "Courier New";">Redstockings<br />
P.O. Box 748*<br />
Stuyvesant Station<br />
New York, N.Y. 10009</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif";"><o:p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"> </span></o:p></span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12222537119254205381noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-13750162309884933302013-05-05T22:56:00.000-04:002013-05-05T22:56:27.765-04:00Phyllis Schlafly "The Fraud of the Equal Rights Amendment" (1972)<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-QysfOOpV95s/UYcWkm0ytKI/AAAAAAAAAG4/IzG4_chTuTQ/s1600/phyllis-schlafly-era.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><img border="0" src="http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-QysfOOpV95s/UYcWkm0ytKI/AAAAAAAAAG4/IzG4_chTuTQ/s1600/phyllis-schlafly-era.jpeg" height="214" width="320" /></span></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Phyllis
Schlafly is an American constitutional lawyer, conservative activist,
author, and the founder of the Eagle Forum. She is known for her opposition to
modern feminism and for her campaign against the proposed Equal Rights
Amendment of 1972.
Before this point Phyllis Schlafly already had political involvement, yet still stood by her role as a house-wife. To Phyllis Schlafly stopping the ERA was an issue she could build a political career around. Schlafly began her own campaign called </span><span style="font-size: x-small;">"STOP ERA". STOP is an acronym for
"Stop Taking Our Privileges." Schlafly argued that the ERA would take
away gender specific privileges currently enjoyed by women, including
"dependent wife" benefits under Social Security and the exemption
from Selective Service registration. </span></span></div>
<div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="direction: ltr; language: en-US; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 6.0pt; mso-line-break-override: none; punctuation-wrap: hanging; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;">
<span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif; font-size: x-small;">Here are some quotes from <i>Voices of Freedom: Phyllis Schlafly "The Fraud of the Equal Rights Amendment" (1972)</i></span></div>
<div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 6pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 0in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-iN6dLUX9g88/UYcbVPs65lI/AAAAAAAAAHI/07aDWVdF3sE/s1600/phyllis.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-iN6dLUX9g88/UYcbVPs65lI/AAAAAAAAAHI/07aDWVdF3sE/s1600/phyllis.jpg" height="320" width="216" /></a><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, Times New Roman, serif;"><i>- </i></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">“Suddenly,
everywhere we are afflicted with aggressive females on television talk shows
yapping about how mistreated American women are, suggesting that marriage has
put us in some kind of “slavery,” that housework is menial and degrading, and
–perish the though –that women are discriminated against.” (Pg. 315)</span></span></div>
<div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 6pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 0in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 6pt; text-align: left; text-indent: 0in; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;">- <span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;">“The claim that
American women are downtrodden and unfairly treated is the fraud of the
century.” (Pg. 316)</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;">- “Why should we
lower ourselves to “equal rights” when we already have the status of special
privilege?”<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;">-“Foxholes are
bad enough for men, but they certainly are not a place for women.” (Pg. 316)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;">“Why should we
abandon these mandatory wife-support and child obligation to take job?” (Pg.
317)<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;">- “The women’s
libbers are radicals who are waging a total assault on the family, on marriage,
and on children.” (Pg. 317)</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;">
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;"><br /></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif";"><span style="font-size: x-small;">In conclusion, </span></span><span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif; line-height: 115%;">Phyllis Schlafly is a woman who </span><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">during the 1970's almost single-handedly
prevented the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment (also known as the ERA),
which is a proposed constitutional amendment guaranteeing equality of rights
for women. Schlafly strongly believed in all the privileges women received
before the ERA and believe that as women, “we” should be grateful. Throughout
the 1970's she barnstormed the country with her supporters, lobbied state
legislatures, and debated feminist leaders. Phyllis Schlafly was very
determined and strong-minded. She wrote many books such as </span></span><em style="font-family: Georgia, serif; line-height: 115%;">The Positive
Woman,</em><em style="font-family: Georgia, serif; line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-style: normal;"> which was published in
1978</span></em><em style="font-family: Georgia, serif; line-height: 115%;">,</em><span class="apple-converted-space" style="font-family: Georgia, serif; line-height: 115%;"> </span><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="line-height: 115%;">in which she
compared a traditional wife and homemaker, pro-family and pro-defense ideal, to
feminist ideals and values. Her style and content again offended readers across
the political spectrum, but some commentators acknowledged a strong vein of
common sense in her arguments. Although Phyllis Schlafly worked real hard to
stop the ERA, it </span><span style="line-height: 14px;">wasn't</span><span style="line-height: 115%;"> enough.</span></span></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></span></span></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hFl2bDqqcSo/UYcbhKisEDI/AAAAAAAAAHQ/AgoL_PDdhDs/s1600/stop_the_era.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-hFl2bDqqcSo/UYcbhKisEDI/AAAAAAAAAHQ/AgoL_PDdhDs/s1600/stop_the_era.jpg" height="230" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: x-small;"><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-family: Georgia, serif;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></span></span></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 18.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05537652924561160777noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-39954447345181936172013-05-05T18:07:00.002-04:002013-05-05T18:07:42.622-04:00<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.writespirit.net/wp-content/uploads/old-images/martin-luther-king21.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="172" src="http://www.writespirit.net/wp-content/uploads/old-images/martin-luther-king21.jpg" width="200" /></a></div>
<br />
<br />
The "I Have A Dream" speech was delivered by Civil Rights Activist Martin Luther King Jr. on August 28, 1963. This speech was known as one of the defining moments for the American Civil Rights Movement. In this speech, King calls for racial equality and a just place where blacks and whites could live happily without segregation or discrimination.<br />
<br />
His first point was to mention the signing of the Emancipation Proclamation which was supposed to free all slaves indefinitely. He referred more to the symbolic significance because the proclamation did not automatically free slaves everywhere. The Emancipation Proclamation was a sign that blacks would be able to reach the American dream once they were declared free by Abraham Lincoln.<br />
<br />
He then explains how the blacks are still not free. Although they were not officially slaves anymore, the whites found ways to segregate them. These actions were called the Jim Crow laws. Whites and blacks would have different bathrooms, fountains, seats and even schools. This not only degraded blacks but showed them that they were still not equal to whites even being free men and women.<br />
<br />
King then goes on to say that both the Declaration of Independence and Constitution were made to protect and guarantee our right's as citizens. "Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check, a check which has come back marked "insufficient funds"", there he says that instead of blacks obtaining equal rights as whites as promised in these documents, blacks cannot figuratively "cash their check" because those rights weren't guaranteed for all men. King urges for the change to happen now and for people to stop putting it off any longer. This movement would not be temporary and it would take people that will not give up easily. If people continued to ignore the injustice then nothing would change. He was not about a violent struggle for freedom. He believed that it could be acquired peacefully. He urged people to fight for equality until it was completely achieved, zero racism, zero segregation. He hopes that one day we could all rejoice in equality just like slaves did when finding out they were free.Marlynhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07282033077171494804noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-4346431570125050782013-05-02T12:40:00.001-04:002013-05-02T12:40:21.469-04:00Letter From Delano<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<strong><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Letter From Delano By Cesar Chavez</span></u></strong></div>
<strong><u><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 16pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"></span><div align="left" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
</u></strong><div style="text-align: left;">
"As your industry has experienced, our strikers here in Delano and those who represent us throughout the world are well trained for this struggle. they have been under the gun, they have been kicked and beaten and herded by dogs, they have been cursed and ridiculed, they have been stripped and chained and jailed, they have been sprayed with the poisons used in the vineyards; but they have been taught not to lie down and die nor to flee in shame, but to resist with every ounce of human endurance and spirit. to resist not with retaliation in kind but to overcome with love and compassion, with ingenuity and creativity, with hard work and longer hours, with stamina and patient tenacity, with truth and public appeal, with friends and allies, with mobility and discipline, with politics and law, this and with prayer and fasting. They were not trained in a month or even a year; after all, this new harvest season will mark our fourth full year of strike and even now we continue to plan and prepare for the years to come. Time accomplishes for the poor what money does for the rich." (Letter From Delano By Cesar Chavez)<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 0pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;"></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi;">Cesar Chavez was a Labor Leader and civil rights activist. He wrote this letter to Mr. Barr regarding the wrongful accusation that was made about the union movement and table grape boycott. (Demanding equal wages according to the Federal minimum wage) The boycott lasted five years. This was a political and cultural conflict of the 1960’s and 1970’s. The National Farm Workers Association<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>was one of the organizations that demanded equal rights and changes in American life. This letter expressed the feelings in Chavez’s heart. Cesar Chavez says that he and the union want to “advocate militant nonviolence as our means for social revolution and to achieve justice for our people.” He asks for openings, bargains, and meetings to discuss the future of the industry (agricultural) and the labor union. All which are peaceful ways of negotiation. As seen in the quote above Chavez shows the organization and power that the union has and by what means they will use them. Chavez and Mr. Barr both know that there was no violence during the table grape boycott. Chavez tries to make this business man understand what the farm workers are going through and demands equal rights, demands that the masses of farm workers be free and human, and not enslaved by the industry Mr. Barr represents. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br clear="all" style="mso-special-character: line-break; page-break-before: always;" /></span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15167068110997342722noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-72683423006645791752013-05-02T11:42:00.000-04:002013-05-02T11:42:29.309-04:00How the Beats Beat the Man by Joseph Lagalante, Jr.<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtPryPhZzAKO85X3aN3zb6Q3gt-NF_MfPpwcCJylf1lCmSRBsiQX9W4RUUrkdpJf4jCSAe7Jz6Z16OLONdboaQrCZwGDz-diSwdX_BpdWfxgh1RvKMTfYNzD1LhtDHbSx2Xl0kwU_gHv3F/s1600/ginsberg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtPryPhZzAKO85X3aN3zb6Q3gt-NF_MfPpwcCJylf1lCmSRBsiQX9W4RUUrkdpJf4jCSAe7Jz6Z16OLONdboaQrCZwGDz-diSwdX_BpdWfxgh1RvKMTfYNzD1LhtDHbSx2Xl0kwU_gHv3F/s1600/ginsberg.jpg" /></a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; text-indent: 0in;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; text-indent: 0in;">The post WWII American landscape was
certainly an interesting one.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; text-indent: 0in;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; text-indent: 0in;">Having persevered
both world wars and the Great Depression, America began to jockey for position
as supreme world superpower with the Soviet Union.</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; text-indent: 0in;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; text-indent: 0in;">Being as “American” as possible became
important during this time as the country soon became consumed with paranoia
due to the “red scare.”</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; text-indent: 0in;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%; text-indent: 0in;">Hollywood
quickly became a point of interest in weeding out potential leftist-radicals:
Congress had feared the Communists had infiltrated the American film industry,
causing Congress to identify these bad red seeds among prominent Hollywood
directors, actors and writers.</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"> Considering the late 1940s and early
1950s proved to be incredibly trying times for celebrities in the United States
it is interesting to note the rise of a contesting counter-culture. Although they knew they would be met with
great opposition, a group of young writers emerged during the late 1940s as
anti-conformists who refused to bend to the whims of the American government;
who discussed through their literature and art items deemed “obscene” and “unmentionable”
in the American mainstream media. Motifs
such as sexuality, homosexuality, drug use and biting political commentary
involving the Vietnam War, all served as focal points for the Beat Generation
writers; these themes were utilized to attack the attempt to stifle creativity
in the American media, and the Government’s attempts to reconstruct the First
Amendment of the Constitution.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"> Allen Ginsberg served as one of the
founding and perhaps most influential members of the Beat Generation
writers. Along with Jack Kerouac,
William S. Burroughs and others, the Beat writers handled the topics no one at
this time would dare approach. In his
poem “Howl,” Ginsberg juxtaposes explicit homoeroticism with religious diction
and imagery.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">who
howled on their knees in the subway and were dragged off the roof waving
genitals and manuscripts,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">who
let themselves be fucked in the ass by saintly motorcyclists, and screamed with
joy,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">who
blew and were blown by those human seraphim, the sailors, caresses of Atlantic
and Caribbean love,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: left; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">who
hiccupped endlessly trying to giggle but wound up with a sob behind a partition
in a Turkish Bath when the blond & naked angel came to pierce them with a
sword… (Ginsberg lines 35-39).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: left; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">It
was this type of overtly sexual and borderline blasphemous poetics that landed
Allen Ginsberg in front of a Congressional hearing committee and was tried in
an attempt to censor his “obscene” publication.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"> Ginsberg, however, was
able to evade prosecution which served as a major victory for the Beat
Generation, the First Amendment and America at large. Although many people would quickly assess the
Beat Generation as “un-American,” due to their counterculture nature and their
unwillingness to conform to the contemporary “American ideals,” I would argue
these brave men were perhaps even more American than those portraying the
contemporary American ideals. By
directly opposing the American government and combating censorship in the
1950s, these Beat writers embodied the ideals our founding fathers revolted to
secure. As Americans we should find the
Bill of Rights </span><u style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">entirely</u><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"> </span><b style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">non-negotiable</b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">. These are the </span><i style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">rights</i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"> our founding fathers dictated should never be denied to this
country’s citizens. By attempting to
censor creative artistic projects, the American government in the 1950s almost
successfully denied the </span><i style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">first</i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"> right </span><i style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">promised</i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;"> to </span><i style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">us</i><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 200%;">. We have seen this right
try to be redefined, or reconstructed several times throughout the past hundred
years; but I maintain as Americans this should be what we hold and cherish
most. When the government tries to take
away any of these ten rights, but perhaps most importantly the one which
promises us the ability to speak, worship, assemble or protest freely, it is
detrimental for us as a society to reaffirm that we are unwilling to forego
this promise our country has made to us.
I only hope men as strong as Ginsberg and Burroughs will continue to
persist throughout time, and this country’s history.</span></div>
Joseph Lagalante Jr.http://www.blogger.com/profile/17272142576193096762noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-12197498868805548132013-04-29T23:47:00.001-04:002013-04-29T23:48:55.355-04:00Richard Nixon, "What Freedom Means to Us"Ashley Baker
American People II
30 April 2013
Professor Andrew Mattson
In voices of Freedom, “An Affluent Society”, Richard Nixon discusses “What Freedom Means to Us. “Overall Nixon speech and the ensuring debate reflected the triumph during the 1950s of a conception of freedom centered on economic abundance and consumer choice within context of traditional family of life”. Throughout the speech Richard Nixon is basically convincing the Soviet Union that a Capitalistic society is the best option for their nation. This was during the time of the cold war, when every nation was trying to prove that they had the best policies and government. The United States and the Soviet Union realized that they couldn’t compete in the arms race because they both have extremely powerful weapons that could be pointed against one another, so the idea of competition between the better societies seamed beneficial to both. Nixon states, “We welcome this kind of competition because when we engage in it, no one loses -- everyone wins as the living standards of people throughout the world are raised to higher levels”.
In 1958 the Soviet Union and the United States agreed to display exhibits, allowing the other to become acquainted with the life of the other. In Nixon speech he congratulated the Soviet Union for a job well done with the rockets they developed, but he also lets them know that while they are ahead of us in the scientific department they are still lacking in others such as industrialization. He quotes Abraham Lincoln, "...We do not propose any war upon capital; we do wish to allow the humblest man an equal chance to get rich with everybody else. In Nixon exhibit rest a car, radio, and a house, each of the most modern objects produced. Nixon goes on to explain the definition of rich but at the same time he is showing the Soviet Union how prosperous the United States is. He states, “In fairness we must recognize that our country industrialized sooner than the Soviet Union. He explains how almost every American can afford the objects that were represented in the exhibit. “The average weekly wage of a factory worker in America is $90-54. With this income he can buy and afford to own a house, a television set, and a car in the price range of those you will see in this Exhibit. There are 44 million families in the United States. Twenty-five million of these families live in houses or apartments that have as much or more floor space than the one you see in this Exhibit. Thirty-one million families own their own homes and the land on which they are built. America's 44 million families own a total of 56 million cars, 50 million television sets and 143 million radio sets. And they buy an average of 9 dresses and suits and 14 pairs of shoes per family per year”.
As Nixon continued through his speech he gave examples of what freedom meant to them. Material progress is important but the very heart of the American ideal is that "man does not live by bread alone." To us, progress without freedom to use a common expression is like "potatoes without fat. The workers right to join with other workers in a union and to bargain collectively with management is recognized and protected by law. No man or woman in the United States can be forced to work for wages he considers to be inadequate or under conditions he believes are unsatisfactory. President Eisenhower is one of the most popular men ever to hold that high office in our country. Yet never an hour or a day goes by in which criticism of him and his policies cannot be read in our newspapers, heard on our radio and television, or in the Halls of Congress. The fact that our people can and do say anything they want about a government official, the fact that in our elections, as this voting machine in our exhibit illustrates, every voter has a free choice between those who hold public office and those who oppose them makes ours a true peoples' government. Under our Constitution no church or religion can be supported by the State. An American can either worship in the church of his choice or choose to go to no church at all if he wishes. Acting with this complete freedom of choice, 103 million of our citizens are members of 308 thousand American churches. We also cherish the freedom to travel, both within our country and outside the United States. Within our country we live and travel where we please without travel permits, internal passports or police registration. We also travel freely abroad. For example, 11 million Americans will travel to other countries during this year, including 10,000 to the Soviet Union. We look forward to the day when millions of Soviet citizens will travel to ours and other countries in this way”.
Nixon concludes his speech stating, “The great majority of Americans like our system of government. Much as we like it, however, we would not impose it on anyone else. We believe that people everywhere should have a right to choose the form of government they want”. Although it seems as if the U.S was promoting capitalism in a calm matter, they were still considering themselves the superior nation and felt everyone should follow their lead.
Work Cited
"An Affluent Society." Voices of Freedom / a Documentary History. Ed. Richard M. Nixon. Third ed. Vol. Two. New York: W.W. Norton &, 2011. 243-48. Print.
Ashley Bakerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/15202706387406116056noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-57332314095426496592013-03-14T13:59:00.000-04:002013-03-14T13:59:48.179-04:00Women in the Progressive Era<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Stephania Bonnet<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Prof: Andrew Mattson<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">American People II<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">03/12/13<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Women
in the Progressive Era<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: small;"><span style="line-height: 200%;">It </span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="line-height: 32px;">wasn't</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: small;"><span style="line-height: 200%;"> the first time that women fought for equal rights in the society and in the
progressive era women continued to fight but with and for the nineteenth
amendment now called Equal Rights Amendment (ERA). Elsie Hill who supported the
Equal Rights Amendment fought for women to gain complete freedom economically,
politically, and socially and Florence Kelley who brought important
contributions to social reform.<o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">What
was the status in the progressive era? They were bound once married to only be
real housewives, especially middle-class women. They had to stay home and give
birth to children. The second thing that bounded women in the progressive era
was the absence of the right to vote. Women had no right choose their own
president. That was the reason the nineteenth amendment proposal was supported
by so many women. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Voices
of Freedom talks about two important figures one fought for the Equal Rights
Amendment, Elsie Hill and Florence Kelley. Elsie Hill, daughter of Republican
Congressman Ebenezer J. Hill, was born in 1883. She was a graduate student of
Vassar College, Hill taught French at a Washington, D.C., high school. Hill was
a leader of the D.C. Branch of the College Equal Suffrage League. She led a
delegation from the League to meet with President Woodrow Wilson on the
suffrage issue shortly after the Congressional Committee of NAWSA staged its
huge suffrage parade in the nation's capital in March 1913.Elsie was a ranking
member of the House Ways and Means Committee. Hill joined the Congressional
Union of Woman Suffrage's executive committee in 1914-15. In August 1918 Hill
was arrested for speaking at a Lafayette Square meeting and served a 15-day
sentence. She was arrested in Boston in February 1919, where she was picketing
Woodrow Wilson upon his return from Europe.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Elsie
Hill believed in the Equal Rights Amendment. She wanted to “remove the
discriminations against women in the laws of the United States”. She focused on
the legal the legal side of the women’s fight. She didn’t agree how the law
allowed the men to have more control over children than women, how men would go
unpunished for certain things while women would get punish. She was trying to
get rid of old traditions that oppressed women.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Among
the many famous and powerful women whose names are associated with the
Settlement House movement and the Progressive movement of the early 20th
Century, one of the most remarkable was Florence Kelley. Florence Kelley was
born in 1859 (1932). She was an American social and political reformer. Kelley
brought important contributions to social reform used in challenging the status
quo of social ills. She married science to moral zeal by developing detailed,
scientific studies of child labor in factories, stockyards and sweatshops, and
then reporting her solid findings with fiery style and vivid detail of the
horrendous abuse of children. For example, she proposed and fought for legal
requirements for states to register births, and for employers (rather than
desperately poor parents) to document workers’ ages, as steps toward ending
exploitative child labor. Enforcement of mandatory school attendance was also a
part of the strategy to end child labor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">The
victory of the movement of women in the progressive era brought many benefits
all the results we are benefiting today; for example, playgrounds for children,
women’s voting, minimum wages and more.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Work Cited<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">Voices
of Freedom<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><a href="http://www.nwhm.org/online-exhibits/progressiveera/home.html">http://www.nwhm.org/online-exhibits/progressiveera/home.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;"><a href="http://americancivilwar.com/women/Womens_Suffrage/Elsie_Hill.html">http://americancivilwar.com/women/Womens_Suffrage/Elsie_Hill.html</a><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16826732557925691075noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-58972024010035927242013-02-27T22:25:00.000-05:002013-02-27T22:28:39.798-05:00Sinclair vs. Taylor: But What About the Workingman?<h2>
</h2>
<div>
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 23px;">"Let me suggest to Mr. Taylor and his other experts ... what is the really great problem of Scientific Management in our time. Let them set themselves down to figure how the ninety million people residing in the United States of America, and being in full communal ownership and democratic control of the instruments and means of production and distribution, can so organize and administer these instruments and means as to produce the greatest quantity of necessary wealth with the least possible expenditure of labor." (Sinclair, p. 243)</span></blockquote>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
In response to Frederick W.
Taylor’s<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><i>The
Principles of Scientific Management</i>, Upton Sinclair writes a provoking
critique in the defense of the workingman. To give a brief summary of<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Taylor’s
Scientific Management, his proposed ideas promised great increase in
productivity through finding the quickest, most efficient method of performing
a certain job and enforcing this method on the laborers. In doing so,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Taylor<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>argues
that not only will productivity increase but also the employers would be able
to increase pay for its staffers with the moneys earned from the extra products
sold. In short, both the employer and the employee benefit from Scientific
Management.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
In response to this, Sinclair
argued that<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Taylor’s Scientific Management was not in favor of
the workingman. In particular, when<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Taylor<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>wrote
that a man should be given $1.85 for loading 47 pig irons (having previously
been making $1.15 for loading 12.5 pig irons), Sinclair attacked<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Taylor’s
suggestion that the workingman should be given only a 60% increase in pay for a
362% increase in productivity. He mocks how<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Taylor’s figures do not
seem to have any financial basis, or, if it does, that his basis is very skewed
in the employer’s favor. (For information on justifying for inflation, go to<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span><a href="http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/cpicalc.pl"><span style="color: windowtext; mso-bidi-font-size: 13.5pt;">http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/cpicalc.pl</span></a>)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
Sinclair also finds<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Taylor’s
idea, increased productivity leading to men being laid-off being a good thing
because they will find work elsewhere, very disturbing; Sinclair believes that
the laid-off men will not be able to find work elsewhere because everywhere
else will be just as scientifically managed as the place from which they were
just let go. Being a notable “muckraker,” founder of the Californian’s chapter
of the American Civil Liberties Union, and an open Socialist, Sinclair
naturally opposed the idea that the workingmen be laid-off for the sake of
something as ethereal as progress—especially when he considered that this
progress was being built on the backs of these selfsame workingmen.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
Lastly, Sinclair wonders aloud
about what will happen with the surplus now being made due to the increase in
productivity. Does the productivity outweigh the demand for the product? How
can the employer find new consumers for their products? Do they rehire the men
they fired to go out and market the surplus products to other communities?</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Sinclair notes the slant Taylor has given towards the
employer, but ever the Socialist optimist, Sinclair uses his critique to
sprinkle more Socialist propaganda and looks to the future saying, “I believe
that the time will come when [the workingmen] will take possession of the
instruments and means of production, in order that when they produce $1,000 in
value they may receive $1,000 in wages” (p. 243)—thus reconciling the
Scientific Management with the workingmen’s agenda.</div>
<span style="font-size: 12pt;">Alternatively, Sinclair opts that Taylor stop
pandering to the employer and use his researchers to find out how a workingman
can make a good living and sell that research to them for fifty cents so that
Taylor can get rich and shut up. Sinclair writes that since the business is
built on the backs of the workingman, then the workingman should receive his
raise in direct correlation to his productivity, not be laid-off for the sake
of progress, and therefore given a better opportunity to make a living for his
family.</span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br />
<blockquote class="tr_bq">
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Georgia, 'Bitstream Charter', serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 23px;">"And the means which the writer firmly believes will be adopted to bring about, first, efficiency both in employer and employee and then an equitable division of the profits of their joint efforts, will be Scientific Management, which has for its sole aim the attainment of justice for all three parties through impartial scientific investigation of all the elements of the problem." (Taylor, p. 245)</span></blockquote>
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
To defend his case,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Taylor<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>is
given his own turn in the same piece.<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Taylor<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>argues
that Sinclair has only looked at his Scientific Management through the lens of
a workingman and not those of the employer or especially the consumer. Taylor
starts by taking the side of the employer and defends his only 60% raise by
saying that the workingman had before been “incompetent,” and now that the
managers have made him competent, or in Taylor’s words “not due to this man’s
initiative or originality … but to the knowledge … developed and taught him by
someone else” (p. 244-245). In other words, because the workingman did not
teach himself how to be more productive he does not receive a better increase
in salary than 60% for his greatly increased productivity. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
Taylor<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>does
not dwell on this subject for long, but jumps right into the consumer’s
point-of-view. He gives a lot of pomp about how the consumer gains “the greater
part of the benefit coming from all industrial improvements” (p. 244), but he’s
really just saying that the more output the company has the lower the prices
will be for the product before he gets right back to showing us why the
workingman shouldn't be given a raise any larger than 60% of what he’s already
making.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
Taylor<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>actually
has five reasons why the workingman should not get a better raise than 60%.
Reason number one, Taylor says that the workingman is not such a hard to come
by and actually compares the workingman to an ox, saying that the workingman is
“heavy both mentally and physically” (p. 244). Reason number two is that this
new work pace does not tire this man out anymore than his previous one, and if
it does end up making the workingman more tired clearly the employer is not
using the Scientific Management in the way Taylor intended.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
The third reason is the same as the
one stated beforehand; the workingman should not be paid any more than 60%
because it was not his own idea to make himself more competent with his job. It
was the employer who made the workingman more productive, so the workingman
cannot take credit for, in<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Taylor’s example, loading
more pig iron than before Scientific Management was applied. The forth reason
takes this a step further and says that all workingmen should be paid about the
same amount of money because “<span style="background: white; mso-bidi-font-size: 10.5pt;">[it] would be grossly unjust to other laborers, for instance,
to pay this man three and six tenths as high wages as other men of his general
grade receive for an honest full day’s work.” (p. 245).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
In Taylor’s last reason, he makes
an outrageous claim that employers should not give the workingman more than a
60% raise because, in his words “[our] experiments showed … that for [the
workingmen’s] own best interest it does not do for most men to get rich too
fast.” (p. 245).<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Taylor<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>claims that if the
workingman does receive more than a 60% increase in pay he will squander it,
but if he receives the 60% increase or less then the workingman will be content
and save his money. Oddly enough,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Taylor<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>forgot
that if the workingman does not get a raise in direct proportion to his
increased productivity than the employer runs the risk of becoming unfathomably
rich too fast. Who is going to protect that poor employer from squandering his
wealth? Having finished listing his reasons,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Taylor<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>pats
himself on the back saying, “[the workingman’s] 60 per cent increase in wages
is not an object for pity, but rather a subject for congratulation” (p. 245).</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
Lastly,<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Taylor<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>concludes
that his Scientific Management’s sole aim is “the attainment of justice for all
three parties [the employee, employer, and consumer] through impartial
scientific investigation of all the elements of the problem” (p. 245).<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>Taylor<span class="apple-converted-space"> </span>does
expect that there will be a backlash from the employer and employee, but he
believes that eventually the consumer will straighten the two out and
Scientific Management will ring in a new, more productive future.</div>
</div>
</div>
Melody Beth Tomlinsonhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04437570715133002317noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-80365804918302310332013-02-21T12:46:00.002-05:002013-02-21T13:40:11.050-05:00Masculinity and Self-Assertion as Necessity in Destroying the Color Line<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: .5in; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Is it possible,
and probable, that nine millions of men can make effective progress in economic
lines if they are deprived of political rights, made a servile caste, and
allowed only the most meager chance for developing their exceptional men? W.E.B. Dubois <i>Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others 25</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">In his essay <i>Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others</i>, W.E.B. Dubois brings to
terms the potential flaws he sees in Booker T. Washington’s ideologies. The question Dubois poses forces us to
recognize the limited nature of Washington’s teachings: if the
African-Americans in the South are limited to only learning industrial and
agricultural knowledge, how will they ever be able to advance the race beyond
the servile nature of their previous existence in the United States. Without at least the option of higher
education for those both willing and capable of its pursuit, the African
American people will never be able to develop educators, litigators, political
leaders, etc.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Furthermore, Dubois highlights the key
differences between the approach taken by Frederick Douglass and other
prominent leaders in the African-American community who emerged before Booker
T. Washington.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: .5in; margin-right: .5in; margin-top: 0in; text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt;">…they recognized the slavery of
slaves, but insisted that they themselves were freemen, and sought assimilation
and amalgamation with the nation on the same terms with other men…together as
men, they said, not as slaves; as “people of color,” not as “Negroes…” Douglass in his old age, still bravely stood
for the ideals of his early manhood,--ultimate assimilation through
self-assertion, and on no other terms…Booker T. Washington arose as essentially
the leader not of one race but of two,--a compromiser between the South, the
North, and the Negro…compromise which surrendered their civil and political
rights. 23-24</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Unlike Douglass and others who fought
for equality with whites- to be seen as people and not as “Negroes,” or any
other designation determined for them by whites, Dubois contends that Booker T.
Washington concedes to this notion that the color line should exist, and people
should be designated by color as opposed to simply being recognized as “people.” Dubois argument is especially potent,
regarding Booker T. Washington’s <em>The Atlanta
Exposition Address. </em>“Governor Bullock introduced me with the words, ‘We
have with us to-day a representative of Negro enterprise and Negro civilization”
(Washington 146). Washington almost
states this proudly, even though the Governor views him solely in the capacity
of a “Negro,” and not another human being.
This is incredibly condescending and Washington’s acceptance of this
indicates Dubois’ assessment of his overall outlook as having merit.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Dubois also takes a number of shots at
Booker T. Washington’s ineffectiveness in asserting himself in a masculine
demeanor as well; he defines Washington’s approach as being emasculated: “Mr.
Washington’s counsels of submission overlooked certain elements of true manhood…”
(22). Considering his earlier sentiment
regarding Douglass’ “bravery” in standing for the “ideals of his early <i>manhood</i>,” Dubois carefully crafts
Washington’s argument and “propaganda” as lacking the strength and masculinity
of his and other renowned figures in the African-American community.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Lastly, Dubois warns against the
damaging effects of Washington’s conceding to the Southern notion that the
problem African-Americans now face lies entirely in their own hands. He claims Washington fails to understand that
slavery and prejudice are largely at fault in the current position of the
African-Americans in the South; that education was not readily available to
African-Americans upon emancipation, because it took time to develop schools
and educate their teachers; and although they are capable of advancing their
race in many ways themselves, they must still rely on the acceptance, aid and
understanding of the whites in the South if they ever hope to make any
significant strides forward. Additionally,
opportunities must be afforded to the African-American population, such as
higher education and acceptance in political and community roles if any further
advancement should be achieved.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0in;"> </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0in;">
<b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Works Cited:</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Dubois,
W.E.B. "Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others." <i>The Souls of Black Folk</i>. 20-29. Kindle.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -.25in;">
<!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">·<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; font-size: 7pt;">
</span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Washington,
Booker T. "The Atlanta Exposition Address." <i>Up From Slavery</i>. Excerpts from <i>Up
From Slavery </i>Packet. 146.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
Joseph Lagalante Jr.http://www.blogger.com/profile/17272142576193096762noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-85928481259916105662012-12-17T20:23:00.001-05:002012-12-17T20:23:06.693-05:00Martin Luther King Jr. "I Have A Dream"<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-size: large;">During
the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960's one man by the name of Martin Luther
King Jr had a dream for the Black Americans in the United States. Martin Luther
King did not like segregation, he was pro-integration, he wanted to end this thing
called racism. During his fight and push to end racism in America, Martin
Luther King had this famous "I Have a Dream" speech, which he
delivered on August 28th 1963 during the March on Washington. In this speech,
Martin Luther King said</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmhD1GZAJIaPEvsQJkMNkC8dMIRcQXJoeAuvqaJixFy7Mt1qjXsaCNpzNROfzSKdHetsRCyQkoLK0QySjwv1k90ly3-Lt5Fbw_3t_iTfsQaaQ6Rk3PrEALtjU9mx5YUTQ_iLm1ecA2mz8E/s1600/mlk.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmhD1GZAJIaPEvsQJkMNkC8dMIRcQXJoeAuvqaJixFy7Mt1qjXsaCNpzNROfzSKdHetsRCyQkoLK0QySjwv1k90ly3-Lt5Fbw_3t_iTfsQaaQ6Rk3PrEALtjU9mx5YUTQ_iLm1ecA2mz8E/s320/mlk.jpg" width="305" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><br /></span></div>
<h3>
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="color: #ea9999;"> "I have a dream that one day this nation
will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: 'We hold these truths to be self-evident:
that all men are created equal.' I have a dream that one day on the red hills
of Georgia the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will
be able to sit down together at a table of brotherhood...I have a dream that my
4 little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged
by the color of their skin but by the content of their character. I have a
dream today."</span></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"><span style="font-size: large;">What
makes his speech so important and significant is because it brought Martin
Luther King and his message of non-violence to a nationwide & worldwide audience. People heard his speech on the radio and it was also reprinted in
newspapers and magazines all over the United States and all over the world.
After this speech people really started to pay attention to the civil rights
movement that was happening. In a way, his speech made Congress move faster in
passing the Civil Rights Act. Although these laws was finally passed in 1964,
many of the laws gave African-Americans more equal treatment than they ever had
before.</span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-1875434060688851562012-12-13T12:27:00.003-05:002012-12-13T12:28:43.772-05:00Litigation: The Scopes Trial Gina Cronin<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiLJPW1T2BIHcysPWrk_ViBQI3I0BG46c_iY3uW6Lm7EQS3RL2kJ9kns_qZcXu1IdrLEAzU3U1u46WdsYwsXfbb-N92o11JVrTvMNDsK0mp1eg11XwyiUCtR7OUPXB77Ve6Kzm2ZDLMhk/s1600/antievolution.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="237" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiiLJPW1T2BIHcysPWrk_ViBQI3I0BG46c_iY3uW6Lm7EQS3RL2kJ9kns_qZcXu1IdrLEAzU3U1u46WdsYwsXfbb-N92o11JVrTvMNDsK0mp1eg11XwyiUCtR7OUPXB77Ve6Kzm2ZDLMhk/s320/antievolution.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
The 1925 scopes trial was a famous trial that challenged teaching evolution in schools. A biology teacher in Tennessee named John Scopes was charged for teaching evolution in school, supposedly breaking state law. A key reason as to why this case was so famous was because lawyer Clarence S. Darrow gave such a powerful, hard-hitting defense.<br />
Sternly he insists that William Bryan's claims that teaching evolution is against the law is simply ignorant. He says "I am going to begin with the simpler reasons why it is absolutely absurd to to think that this statue, indictment, or any part of the proceedings in this case are legal; and I think the sooner we get rid of it in Tennessee the better for the people of Tennessee, and the better for the pursuit of knowledge in the world". He believes that rejecting evolution as a defense for the freedom of Catholicism is ridiculous as the book of Genesis was written during a time when people believed the world was flat. It is important to acknowledge the progress that science makes and not be held back by religion. <br />
Bryan followed the belief that "to teach that theory denies the story of the divine creation of man as taught in the Bible, and to teach instead that man has descended from a lower form of animal." A lot of what is in play here, in my opinion, is ego. Man feels that he has a superiority of the earth - Catholicism does not encourage partnership, connection and oneness with the earth - instead it propels a mindset of dominance in which humans are heaven-sent and animals are not. Evolution is a huge blow the the catholic ego. Jennings whole defense hinged on the hysterical disagreement that man descended from a "lower form of life" (whatever that means - for I believe animals are equal and people need to humble the heck down). He says that it isn't fair that these tested scientific theories can be taught but by the law the bible can not.<br />
Ultimately Bryan won the trial and a law prohibiting the teaching of evolution stayed in the books in Tennessee until 1967. Crazy world.<br />
<br />
<br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-88909352224342247932012-12-11T12:26:00.001-05:002012-12-11T12:26:04.499-05:00<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://i.ebayimg.com/t/1952-Newspaper-BROWN-vs-BOARD-OF-EDUCATION-Segregation-in-Public-Schools-Argue-/00/s/NTEyWDY0MA==/$(KGrHqJ,!pgE8Wq6G6S0BPK8nksfgw~~60_35.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="240" id="il_fi" src="http://i.ebayimg.com/t/1952-Newspaper-BROWN-vs-BOARD-OF-EDUCATION-Segregation-in-Public-Schools-Argue-/00/s/NTEyWDY0MA==/$(KGrHqJ,!pgE8Wq6G6S0BPK8nksfgw~~60_35.JPG" style="padding-bottom: 8px; padding-right: 8px; padding-top: 8px;" width="300" /></a></div>
<div style="border-bottom: medium none; border-left: medium none; border-right: medium none; border-top: medium none; text-align: center;">
<span style="color: purple; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: x-large;"><strong>Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 1954</strong></span><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;"><em>A change in education forever...</em></span><br />In the case of Brown v. The Board of Education was a decision that changed education forever. Linda Brown, a black student from Topeka, Kansas was forced to attend a segregated school that was far from her home because she could not attend the "white" school that was near her home. She fought the Board of Education and argued that segregation is unconstitutional because it denied students "equal protection o the laws." The segregated schools did not have the same quality teachers and schools that the "white" students had. On May 17, 1954 the Supreme Court ruled that "separate but equal" was not equal and had no place in education. This was a triumph for the NAACP and changed schools forever by integrating them. <br /><br /><span style="color: purple; font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: large;">"The plaintiffs contend that segregated public schools are not "equal" and cannot be made "equal," and that hence they are deprived of the equal protection of the laws."<br /><img height="296" id="il_fi" src="http://blogs.loc.gov/picturethis/files/2012/05/school_girls.jpg" style="padding-bottom: 8px; padding-right: 8px; padding-top: 8px;" width="420" /></span></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="color: black;">Diana Bender</span></span>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-91016536455052570482012-12-11T12:23:00.002-05:002012-12-11T12:23:17.013-05:00<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioODc3Jz1soPVuoAOQObFgVClnXR0egbqqYPcxfYqMSq_tflJ3Vn3VyFT8RLyJB4h4c770jzexclUiQymeOEtDBiNPlJmqDPrksducT5jy8QeeMHjxl9dbTqpfMhpi6_RpkA9BUC2Tdm-8/s1600/protecting_human_rights_defenders-450x229.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img bea="true" border="0" height="162" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEioODc3Jz1soPVuoAOQObFgVClnXR0egbqqYPcxfYqMSq_tflJ3Vn3VyFT8RLyJB4h4c770jzexclUiQymeOEtDBiNPlJmqDPrksducT5jy8QeeMHjxl9dbTqpfMhpi6_RpkA9BUC2Tdm-8/s320/protecting_human_rights_defenders-450x229.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: x-large;"><strong> Declaration of Environmental Rights</strong></span><span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;"></span><br />
<span style="color: #274e13; font-size: large;"> "We, therefore, resolve to act. We propose a revolution in conduct toward an environment which is rising in revolt against us. Granted that ideas and institutions long established are not easily changed; yet today is the first day of the rest of our life on this planet. We will begin anew."</span><br /><em>Declaration of Environmental Rights, 1970.</em><br />
<em><br /></em>Due to an oil leak in 1969 caused by a drilling installation in California, the United States of America created the Declaration of Environmental Rights. The Declaration declared that people need to respect the environment that surrounds them. If people do not have respect for the environment it will disappear and we will not be able to survive.<br />
<span style="color: blue; font-size: large;"><span style="color: #274e13;"> "We need an ecological consciousness that recognizes man as member, not master, of the community of living things sharing his environment."</span> </span>I choose this quote from Hofstadter because it reminds people that they are a part of the environment. That they need to respect their surrounds because if they don't, one day it will be gone.<br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQe51LEdk22u1XzYAl41-bAPYw1jzMucThFhpgTCGYC3kOW4ia0pOP3lF1yMb8wgJgcGBawtyoLvnEcYQfO5gtJM_ReTfCzU0txtqtO3Sebjopltclbcdbs9MHuMkVhHPbd3POfPM7uF5g/s1600/protecting_human_rights_defenders-450x229.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img bea="true" border="0" height="213" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQe51LEdk22u1XzYAl41-bAPYw1jzMucThFhpgTCGYC3kOW4ia0pOP3lF1yMb8wgJgcGBawtyoLvnEcYQfO5gtJM_ReTfCzU0txtqtO3Sebjopltclbcdbs9MHuMkVhHPbd3POfPM7uF5g/s320/protecting_human_rights_defenders-450x229.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
Diana BenderUnknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-68503264142973956272012-12-06T13:19:00.001-05:002012-12-06T13:19:33.309-05:00Lyndon B. Johnson- Policy in Vietnam<br />
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; font-size: small;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; font-size: small;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; font-size: small;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; font-size: small;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; font-size: small;">
</div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; font-size: small;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; font-size: small;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; font-size: small;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<a href="http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/first-family/masthead_image/36lj_header_sm.jpg?1250885677" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; font-family: arial; font-size: small; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/first-family/masthead_image/36lj_header_sm.jpg?1250885677" /></a><span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">President Lyndon B. Johnson makes a speech on April 7, 1965 addressing the war in Vietnam, his concerns and why it is his goal and the goal of America to help South Viet-nam. President Johnson intentions is to keep a promise in which he offers support to the people in South Viet-nam and promises to defend their independence. A promise that American Presidents have made and kept since 1954. People all over the world depended on President Johnson to help them, God Forbid they were attacked during the Viet-nam war and Johnson refused to let them down.In his address President Johnson mention that:</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">"We are there because there be great stakes in the balance. Let no one think for a moment that retreat from Viet-nam would bring an end to conflict. The battle would be renewed in one country and then in another. The central lesson of our time is that the appetite of aggression is never satisfied. To withdraw from one battle field means only to prepare for the next". </span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">This statement to me means that even after a war has ended a countries be cautious and aware of what could happen next. Nations all around the world should be prepared for any conflict that may come their way because there will always be enemies trying to destroy them. So, President Johnson feels as if it is his responsibility to defend and protect the people who are at risk of being hit during the war.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; font-size: small;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">The objectives that were focused on by President Johnson was stop the spread of communism. He believed in the domino theory which states that if one southeast asian territory fell to communism then the rest would follow suit and join the communist territories. President Johnson really wanted the spread of communism to stop throughout these areas. He made a promise to the people of these territories that he would not let communism spread towards their parts and that he would help preserve a land that we had the best intentions for. The ultimate goal was for South Vietnam was to become free from attacks and run their land the way that they saw best. President Johnson did not want to do this in order for the United States to gain something but for the South Vietnamese to live in peace. He also stated later than until things can be talked peacefully through discussions, then force will be necessary to achieve the independence they need.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="background-color: white;">
<span style="font-family: Times, Times New Roman, serif;">By Julian Z. and Kiara P.</span></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; font-size: small;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; font-size: small;">
<br /></div>
<div style="background-color: white; font-family: arial; font-size: small;">
<br /></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-91081200038219828022012-12-06T13:16:00.001-05:002012-12-06T13:16:09.727-05:00House Judiciary Committee, Articles of Impeachment<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOLrTCj-E-2R-dflrKRhPNu3EjqjVuJsBadCraVjeH90xJ8toOVXvCtP07RF0A_GVlfyN2iuAqSoSM3Y3H5c-_hsBqeSKt0jHLP8qm2HJPWmY5E4TS1yPlFY0UqBEa4UqsN9Ty2CkC02I/s1600/nixonresignation.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiOLrTCj-E-2R-dflrKRhPNu3EjqjVuJsBadCraVjeH90xJ8toOVXvCtP07RF0A_GVlfyN2iuAqSoSM3Y3H5c-_hsBqeSKt0jHLP8qm2HJPWmY5E4TS1yPlFY0UqBEa4UqsN9Ty2CkC02I/s320/nixonresignation.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;">House of judiciary Committee, Article of Impeachment Agustin
20, 1974<br />
<br />
Richard Nixon ran for presidency in 1960, but lost to John F. Kennedy. After
running for Governor of California once again and coming up short he stated
that he was finished with politics. However, he ran again in 1972, this time,
he was successful. Nixon won against Democrat George McGovern by 60 percent of
popular votes. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9t-pmxgUIJVYEbPM8XgciLYJGCM50ZGZ8CFX7OuS-Vy3msU-8uCLZHqqp-1QL82bH2idCEysk5U2wwyZNPEvlDCXsYw_iyQQVsmXhhBSWVkEOEyNoSgrrOn2aUQWXCxnYAB_M2y8X-wg/s1600/53742954.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="262" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9t-pmxgUIJVYEbPM8XgciLYJGCM50ZGZ8CFX7OuS-Vy3msU-8uCLZHqqp-1QL82bH2idCEysk5U2wwyZNPEvlDCXsYw_iyQQVsmXhhBSWVkEOEyNoSgrrOn2aUQWXCxnYAB_M2y8X-wg/s320/53742954.jpg" width="320" /></a><span style="font-family: Calibri;">Throughout is Presidency Nixon carried out much dishonestly for
personal advantages that were unlawful. During his time in office, President
Nixon and his major assistants became deeply involved in illegal activities
against the opposing committee.<br />
At first he denied the incident inside the <u>Watergate Office Complex</u> in
Washington the democratic national committee headquarters, where five burglars
broke-in to try to record the opposing candidate’s conversation to try and get
a step up on the competition. They were arrested by the police at 2:30 a.m. The
investigators found out that the burglars were employed by President Nixon.
President Nixon denied it by stating<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>"No one in the White House staff, no one
in this administration presently employed, was involved in this way bizarre
incident” <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Nether the less, The House Judiciary Committee
began its final debate on the impeachment of President Nixon for his illegal
activities surrounding the Watergate scandal on July 24, 1974. They came up
with three articles for President Nixon impeachment.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><o:p></o:p></span> </div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b>Article 1: Obstruction of Justice.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">This article stated that the full
House should impeach Nixon for the high crime of deliberately engaging in
obstruction of justice by attempting to cover up the Watergate investigation.
Nixon </span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">Designed to delay, impede and obstruct investigations of such unlawful
entry; to cover up, conceal and protect those responsible and to conceal the
existence and scope of other unlawful covert activities.</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">
Passed by vote of 27 to 11.</span></b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 11pt; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span><br />
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b>Article 2: Abuse of Power.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">It charged the president with
abuse of powers, in violation of the Constitution, by using the IRS, the FBI,
and other government agencies to spy on American citizens. Nixon </span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">repeatedly engaged
in conduct violating the constitutional rights of citizens, imparting the due
and proper administration of justice and the conduct of lawful inquiries, or
contravening the laws governing agencies of the executive branch and the
purposes of these agencies</span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">. </span><span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Passed by vote of 28 to 10</b><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: Calibri;"><b>Article 3: Contempt of Congress.</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0in 10pt;">
<span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;">It charged that Nixon violated
the Constitution by ignoring congressional subpoenas of White House documents.</span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"> In refusing to
produce these papers and things, Richard M. Nixon, substituting his judgment as
to what materials were necessary for the inquiry, interposed the powers of the
Presidency against the lawful orders of the House of Representatives, thereby
assuming to himself functions and judgments necessary to the exercise of the
sole power of impeachment vested by Constitution in the House of
Representatives.</span><span style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; mso-ascii-theme-font: major-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: major-latin;"> <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Passed by a vote of 21 to 17</b><o:p></o:p></span></div>
By, <br />
Nick Brengel, Shantana FolkesUnknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-40543837543379229652012-12-06T12:23:00.001-05:002012-12-06T12:25:17.562-05:00<center>
<h2>
<b>Senator J. William Fulbright on the Arrogance of Power, 1966</b></h2>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-NfSkPW8Zqfc/UMDUcoVKwzI/AAAAAAAAAA0/-dKvdoEbGzs/s1600/slideshow_Image.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="143" src="http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-NfSkPW8Zqfc/UMDUcoVKwzI/AAAAAAAAAA0/-dKvdoEbGzs/s320/slideshow_Image.jpg" width="320" /></a><b>
</b></div>
</center>
<hr />
<br />
<br />
<div align="justify">
The attitude above all others which I feel sure is no longer
valid is the arrogance of power, the tendency of great nations to equate power
with virtue and major responsibilities with a universal mission. The dilemmas
involved are preeminently American di lemmas, not because America has weaknesses
that others do not have but because America is powerful as no nation has ever
been before and the discrepancy between its power and the power of others
appears to be increasing....</div>
<br />
<br />
<div align="justify">
We are now engaged in a war to "defend freedom" in South
Vietnam. Unlike the Republic of Korea, South Vietnam has an army which [is]
without notable success and a weak, dictatorial government which does not
command the loyalty of the South Vietn amese people. The official war aims of
the United States Government, as I understand them, are to defeat what is
regarded as North Vietnamese aggression, to demonstrate the futility of what the
communists call "wars of national liberation," and to create conditions under
which the South Vietnamese people will be able freely to determine their own
future. I have not the slightest doubt of the sincerity of the President and the
Vice President and the Secretaries of State and Defense in propounding these
aims. What I do doubt_and doubt very much_is the ability of the United States to
achieve these aims by the means being used. I do not question the power of our
weapons and the efficiency of our logistics; I cannot say these things delight
me as the y seem to delight some of our officials, but they are certainly
impressive. What I do question is the ability of the United States, or France or
any other Western nation, to go into a small, alien, undeveloped Asian nation
and create stability where there is chaos, the will to fight where there is
defeatism, democracy racy where there is no tradition of it and honest
government where corruption is almost a way of life. Our handicap is well
expressed in the pungent Chinese proverb: "In shallo w waters dragons become the
sport of shrimps."</div>
<br />
<br />
<div align="justify">
Early last month demonstrators in Saigon burned American jeeps,
tried to assault American soldiers, and marched through the streets shouting
"Down with the American imperialists," while one of the Buddhist leaders made a
speech equating the Unit ed States with the communists as a threat to South
Vietnamese independence. Most Americans are understandably shocked ant angered
to encounter such hostility from people who by now would be under the rule of
the Viet Cong but for the sacrifice of American lives and money. Why, we may
ask, are they so shockingly ungrateful? Surely they must know that their very
right to parade and protest and demonstrate depends on the Americans who are
defending them.</div>
<br />
<br />
<div align="justify">
The answer, I think, is that "fatal impact" of the rich and
strong on the poor and weak. Dependent on it though the Vietnamese are, our very
strength is a reproach to their weakness, our wealth a mockery of their poverty,
our success a reminder of their failures. What they resent is the disruptive
effect of our strong culture upon their fragile one, an effect which we can no
more avoid than a man can help being bigger than a child. What they fear, I
think rightly, is that traditional Vietnamese society cannot survive the
American economic and cultural impact....</div>
<br />
<br />
<div align="justify">
The cause of our difficulties in southeast Asia is not a
deficiency of power but an excess of the wrong kind of power which results in a
feeling of impotence when it fails to achieve its desired ends. We are still
acting like boy scouts dragging reluctant old ladies across the streets they do
not want to cross. We are trying to remake Vietnamese society, a task which
certainly cannot be accomplished by force and which probably cannot be
accomplished by any means available to outsiders. The objective may b e
desirable, but it is not feasible....</div>
<br />
<br />
<div align="justify">
If America has a service to perform in the world_and I believe
it has_it is in large part the service of its own example. In our excessive
involvement in the affairs of other countries, we are not only living off our
assets and denying our own people the proper enjoyment of their resources; we
are also denying the world the example of a free society enjoying its freedom to
the fullest. This is regrettable indeed for a nation that aspires to teach
democracy to other nations, because, as Burke said! "E xample is the school of
mankind, and they will learn at no other." . . .</div>
<br />
<br />
<div align="justify">
There are many respects in which America, if it can bring
itself to act with the magnanimity and the empathy appropriate to its size and
power, can be an intelligent example to the world. We have the opportunity to
set an example of generous understanding in our relations with China, of
practical cooperation for peace in our relations with Russia, of reliable and
respectful partnership in our relations with Western Europe, of material
helpfulness without moral presumption in our relations with the develop ing
nations, of abstention from the temptations of hegemony in our relations with
Latin America, and of the all- around advantages of minding one's own business
in our relations with everybody. Most of all, we have the opportunity to serve
as an example o f democracy to the world by the way in which we run our own
society; America, in the words of John Quincy Adams, should be "the well-wisher
to the freedom and independence of all" but "the champion and vindicator only of
her own." . . .</div>
<br />
<br />
<div align="justify">
If we can bring ourselves so to act, we will have overcome the
dangers of the arrogance of power. It will involve, no doubt, the loss of
certain glories, but that seems a price worth paying for the probable rewards,
which are the happiness of America and the peace of the world.</div>
<br />
By: Zully Arias , Imarys Bruno Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-12876260051431996622012-12-06T01:36:00.000-05:002012-12-06T01:36:02.031-05:00CRISIS OF CONFIDENCE ADDRESS by Jimmy Carter<a href="http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/primary-resources/carter-crisis/"></a>CARTER CONSERVATISM ARTICLE<br />
http://www.theamericanconservative.com/articles/carter-conservatism/<br />
<br />
CARTER'S SPEECH<br />
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/primary-resources/carter-crisis/<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVLjFQpRU3ybqZ81ibmBsmoCYZR3SVW5D1pcvLHqKQzbmYWeO-I1l1XkrQk4rCrtEKxgNTxmdE8enzKzJZDpL5w-lS-610FFV1ZYHXAhSXTfUV9v5meBTde0J-6s0-_MkFQpl4AbxLA26N/s1600/carter+on+time.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVLjFQpRU3ybqZ81ibmBsmoCYZR3SVW5D1pcvLHqKQzbmYWeO-I1l1XkrQk4rCrtEKxgNTxmdE8enzKzJZDpL5w-lS-610FFV1ZYHXAhSXTfUV9v5meBTde0J-6s0-_MkFQpl4AbxLA26N/s320/carter+on+time.jpg" width="242" /></a></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-83835179332253793732012-12-06T00:30:00.001-05:002012-12-06T00:33:52.427-05:00Declaration of Environmental Rights 1970 by LINDSAY MISCHKE<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">
</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%;">In the 1950’s
and the 1960’s, economic growth was powered by oil.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The United States produced more oil than they
actually used or needed.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Large offshore
deposits of oil were discovered off of the California coast, and in order to
obtain this oil, a new technology of underwater drilling had to be done which
was dangerous.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In the winter of 1969,
off the coast, lots of sticky black petroleum floated up to the top and
suffocated thousands of fish and trapped many seabirds.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%;">Fish, birds & oil washed up on shore,
ruining many beaches<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%;">Santa Barbara was affected the most <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%;">A group
of angry citizens came together to protect the environment and to state how mad
they were about the wasteful ways of Americans.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>Although the economic growth was a success, it was overshadowed by the
harm it did to the natural world.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Humans
have been abusing the world for many years now.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>The environmental disaster of the Santa Barbara channel brought many
environmental issues up:<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%;">Littering<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%;">Humans
have taken up much natural land<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%;">We have
stripped the forest and grasses and reduced the soil<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%;">We
contaminate the air WE breathe<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%;">Pollution
of the lakes, rivers & oceans<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 0pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%;">We have
exterminated species of birds and animals and brought others close to<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>it<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 1in; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Wingdings; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%; mso-bidi-font-family: Wingdings; mso-fareast-font-family: Wingdings;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">§<span style="font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; font: 7pt/normal "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%;">“Made
physical world ugly and loud depriving man of the beauty and quiet that feeds
his spirit.” (<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Hofstadter p. 507)</i><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%;">We are
able to solve this problem by simply using our minds, not machines.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>People need to realize that man is a member
of his community, not the master of it.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>We must treat our backyards as if they were the world and the world as
if it were our backyard.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 200%; margin: 0in 0in 10pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%;">“TODAY
IS THE FIRST DAY OF THE REST OF OUR LIFE ON THIS PLANET, WE WILL BEGIN ANEW.” </span></i></b><span style="font-family: "Georgia","serif"; font-size: 14pt; line-height: 200%;">(<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Hofstadter p. 508)<o:p></o:p></i></span><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<img border="0" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjdel0ewwNh56ZPReDumK8RHaX5tfq3Y6N5eNUYIRKNEguoDqA2QwOVOiq2vnXLdwfsbUCiQeT3nqn8rcGPr5Hxn93c3reQnGpDjMQ2v02-ctRjKwurThPZ1cR1pNW1tPyyS49A4ADk3RZN/s320/BP.jpg" width="320" /><a href="http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2012/nov/28/epa-suspends-bp-oil-spill">http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2012/nov/28/epa-suspends-bp-oil-spill</a></div>
<span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;"> A recent article relating to a recent BP deepwater oil spill..</span><br />
<em><span style="font-family: Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;">"O</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">ffshore drilling is inherently dirty and dangerous and needs to be phased out."</span></em></div>
</span><br />
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">
</span><br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-13833210795969423522012-12-04T15:57:00.000-05:002012-12-04T15:57:38.344-05:00Nuclear weapons and Cold WarPresident John F. Kennedy once said in his speech addressing nuclear testing during The Cold War era. "The treaty initiated yesterday... is a limited treaty which permits continued underground testing and prohibits only those tests that we ourselves can police. It requires no control posts, no on-site inspection, no international body. ...no nation's rights of self- defense will in any way be impaired. Nor does this treaty mean the end of the nuclear war. It will not reduce nuclear stockpiles; it will not halt the production of nuclear weapons; it will not restrict their use in their time of war. Nevertheless, it will reduce the nuclear testing which would otherwise be conducted on both sides; it will prohibit the United States, United Kingdom, Soviet Union, and all others who sign it from engaging in the atmospheric tests which have so alarmed mankind; and it offers to all the world a welcome sign of hope"<br />
<img src="http://www.cartoonstock.com/newscartoons/cartoonists/rma/lowres/rman2480l.jpg" /><img alt="nuclear testing cartoons, nuclear testing cartoon, nuclear testing picture, nuclear testing pictures, nuclear testing image, nuclear testing images, nuclear testing illustration, nuclear testing illustrations " src="http://www.cartoonstock.com/lowres/sea0168l.jpg" />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-31082636281245000112012-12-04T09:05:00.000-05:002012-12-04T09:05:45.493-05:00John f Kennedys Inaugural Adress <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="http://www.csmonitor.com/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/images/2011/0120/0120-us-ajfkaddress/9373895-1-eng-US/0120-us-ajfkaddress_full_600.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="213" src="http://www.csmonitor.com/var/ezflow_site/storage/images/media/images/2011/0120/0120-us-ajfkaddress/9373895-1-eng-US/0120-us-ajfkaddress_full_600.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
On January 20 1961, John F kennedy took an oath in office to became the nations 35th president. The Cold War had dominated the rhetoric of both Kennedy and Nixon's campaign. Through his breif inaugural address, Kennedy sought to send a message of his hope for peace during the nuclear age.<br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">"Let
every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any
price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe,
in order to assure the survival and the success of liberty."</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> In a time period of insescurity and distrust a speech was needed.The period refferred to as the Cold War revolvesd around the relationship that developed between the USA and the USSR. It was meant to settle International affairs such as the Cuban Missle Crisis, and the Berlin Wall.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;">"To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge—to convert our good words into good deeds—in a new alliance for progress—to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. Let all our neighbors know that we shall join with them to oppose aggression or subversion anywhere in the Americas. And let every other power know that this Hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house...</span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"><table align="center" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="3">
<tbody>
<tr><td>our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of support—to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective—to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak—and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.</td><td align="right" valign="top"><span><a href="http://www.blogger.com/null" name="10"><i></i></a></span></td></tr>
<tr><td> Finally, to those nations who would make themselves our adversary, we offer not a pledge but a request: that both sides begin anew the quest for peace, before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction."<br />
<br />
Kennedy provided a sense of security, and reassurance throughout his inaugral speech. This with the addition of his confident aura play a part in making the inaugural address a historical landmark. <br />
</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</span><span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"></span></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "Calibri","sans-serif"; font-size: 11pt; line-height: 115%; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span><br />
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-7846406918277186551.post-19451486507459686192012-11-29T16:22:00.001-05:002012-11-29T16:22:33.529-05:00Hello professor!!!!! :)Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0